NTSB

Probable cause: The student pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a hard landing and porpoise.

Probable cause: The student pilot’s improper in-flight fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion.

Probable cause: Improper maintenance of the fuel pressure regulator, which resulted in an excessive fuel and airbox pressure differential and subsequent loss of engine power.

Probable cause: The pilot’s mismanagement of the available fuel, which resulted in a loss of engine power and a subsequent hard, off-airport landing and nose-over.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to extend the landing gear during the approach to land.

Probable cause: A failure of the aft support cable on the left main landing ski due to an inadequately formed nicopress sleeve, which allowed the ski to rotate into a vertical position shortly after liftoff, and its unavoidable separation duri

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from the taxiway sign.

Probable cause: The pilot’s intentional flight of the airplane into terrain in an act of suicide.