NTSB

The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from trees during takeoff, which resulted in an in-flight collision, a loss of control, and impact with terrain.

The airplane’s impact with a bird.

The pilot’s improper preflight fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and a subsequent total loss of engine power.

The pilot’s selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff, which resulted a nose-over. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s improper in-flight fuel management, which resulted in the precautionary landing on unsuitable terrain.

The student pilot’s failure to maintain the runway heading and to relinquish the flight controls to the flight instructor when told to do so while landing in gusting, crosswind conditions, which resulted in a runway excursion and impact with runway lighting.

The pilot’s distraction while looking for traffic, which led to his failure to extend the landing gear before landing, and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack during a subsequent go-around, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.

The pilot’s inadequate preflight fuel planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation.

The pilot’s delayed decision to go around, which resulted in a collision with trees and terrain.

The student pilot’s maneuver to the left to avoid striking birds during takeoff and his subsequent loss of directional control after aborting the takeoff and landing on soft, muddy grass adjacent to the runway during, which resulted in a nose-over.